Definitions.

§2

Summary

In this Act, unless the context requires otherwise,- (1) "agriculture" includes,- (a) the raising of annual or periodical crops and garden produce, (b) horticulture, (c) the Planting and upkeep of orchards, (d) the reserving or using of land for fodder, or thatching grass, and (e) the use by an agriculturist of the land held by him or a part thereof for grazing of his own cattle; but does not include allied pursuits or the cutting of wood only; (2) "agricultural labourer" means a person whose principal means of livelihood is manual labour on land; (3) "agriculturist" means a person who cultivates land personally; (4) "allied pursuits" means dairy farming, poultry farming, breeding or livestock, grazing (other than the pasturage of ones own agricultural cattle) and such other pursuits as may be prescribed; (5) "appointed day" means the 20th day of August 1958; (6) "Collectors" includes an Additional Collector and an Assistant or Deputy Collector performing the duties and exercising the powers of a Collector under the Code 1[or any other officer specially empowered by the State Government to perform the functions of the Collector under this Act]; (7) "Code" means the 2Madhya Pradesh Land Revenue Code, 1954 (M. P. Act II of 1955); (8) "Commissioner" includes an Additional Commissioner; (9) "Co-operative Society" means a society registered under the provisions of the 3Co-operative Societies Act, 1912 (II of 1912); (10) "Co-operative farming society" means a society registered as such under the 4Co-operative Societies Act, 1912 (II of 1912); (11) "to cultivate" means to carry on any agricultural operation; (12) "to cultivate personally" means to cultivate on ones own account,- (i) by one's own labour, or (ii) by the labour of any member of ones family, or (iii) under the personal supervision of one-self or of any member of one's family by hired labour or by servants on wages payable in cash or kind but not in crop share; Explanation I.- A widow or a minor or a person who is subject to any physical or mental disability, or a serving member of the armed forces shall be deemed to cultivate the land personally if it is cultivated by her or his servants or by hired labourer; Explanation II.- In the case of a joint family the land shall be deemed to have been cultivated personally if it is cultivated by any member of such family; (13) "family holding" in relation to any local area constituted under section 3 means a family holding determined under section 4 in respect of lands situated in that local area; (14) "fragment" means a fragment as defined in sub-section (4) of section 2 of the Bombay Prevention of Fragmentation and Consolidation of Holdings Act, 1947 (Bom. LXII of 1947); (15) "improvement" means, with reference to a holding, any work which adds to the letting value of the holding which is suitable thereto and consistent with the purpose of which it is held and which, if not executed on the holding, is either executed directly for its benefit; or is after execution, made directly beneficial to it; and, subject to the foregoing provisions, includes,- (a) the construction of tanks, wells, water-channels, embankments and other works for storage, supply or distribution of water for agricultural purposes; (b) the construction of works for the drainage of land or for the protection of land from floods, or from erosion or other damage from water; (c) the planting of trees and the reclaiming, clearing, enclosing, levelling or terracing of land; (d) the erection of buildings on or in the vicinity of the holding, elsewhere than in the abadi or urban area, required for the convenient or profitable use or occupation of the holding; and (e) the renewal or reconstruction of any of the foregoing works, or alterations therein or additions thereto; but does not include,- (i) temporary wells and such water-channels, embankments, levellings enclosures or other works, or petty alterations in, or repairs to, such works, as are commonly made by cultivators of the locality in the ordinary course of agriculture; or (ii) any work which substantially diminishes the value of any land, wherever situated, in the occupation of any other person, whether as tenure-holder or tenant; Explanation.- A work which benefits several holdings may be deemed to be an improvement with respect to each of such holdings; (16) "joint family" means an undivided Hindu Family and in the case of other persons a group or unit the members of which by custom or usages are joint in estate or residence; (17) "land" means,- (a) land which is used or capable of being used for agricultural purposes and includes the sites of farm building appurtenant to such land; and (b) for the purposes of sections 16, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 32, 34, 36, 37, 55, 89, 91, 121, and 122,- (i) the sites of dwelling houses occupied by agriculturists, agricultural labourers or artisans and land appurtenant to such dwelling houses; (ii) the sites of structures used by agriculturists for allied pursuits; (18) "landholder" means a tenure-holder whom the State Government has declared on account of the extent and value of the land or his interest therein to be a landholder for the purposes of this Act; (19) "landless person" means a person who holding no land for agricultural purposes, whether as tenure-holder or tenant earns his livelihood principally by manual labour and intends to take to the profession of agriculture and is capable of cultivating land personally; (20) "occupancy tenant" means a person recognised to be an occupancy tenant under subsection (3) of section 6; (21) "person" includes joint family; (22) "physical or mental disability" means physical or mental disability by reason of which the person subject to such disability is incapable of cultivating land by personal labour or supervision; (23) "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act; (24) "profits of agriculture" in respect of any land means the balance remaining with the holder after deducting from the gross produce the cost of cultivation estimated by taking into account the following elements, namely:- (a) the depreciation of stock and buildings, (b) the money equivalent of the holder and his family labour and supervision, (c) all other expenses usually incurred in cultivation of the land, and (d) interest of the cost of buildings and stock and on expenditure for seed and manure, and on cost of agricultural operations paid for in cash; (25) "protected lessee" means a person recognised to be a protected lessee under sub-section (2) of section 6; (26) "rent" means any consideration, in money or kind or both, paid or payable by a tenant on account of the use or occupation of the land held by him but shall not include the rendering of any personal service or labour; (27) "Scheduled area" means an area declared to be a scheduled area under paragraph 6 of the Fifth Schedule to the Constitution of India; (28) "serving member of the armed forces" means a person in the service of the armed forces of the Union, provided that if a question arises whether any person is a serving member of the armed forces of the Union, such question shall be decided by the State Government, and its decision shall be final; (29) "small-holder" means an agriculturist cultivating land less in area than a family holding who earns his livelihood principally by agriculture or by agricultural labour; (30) "Tahsildar" includes a Naib-Tahsildar and any other officer whom the State Government may appoint to perform the duties of a Tahsildar under this Act: Provided that, the State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, direct that in the areas specified therein the powers of the Tahsildar under this Act shall be exercised by the Sub-Divisional Officer; (31) "tenancy" means the relationship of landlord and tenant; (32) "tenant" means a person who holds land on lease and includes,- (a) a person who is deemed to be a tenant under section 6, 7 or 8, (b) a person who is protected lessee or occupancy tenant, and the word "landlord" shall be construed accordingly; (33) "Tribunal" means the Agricultural Lands Tribunal constituted under section 97; (34) words and expressions used in this Act but not defined shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Code and the Transfer of Property Act, 1882 (IV of 1882), as the case may be.

In this Act, unless the context requires otherwise,- (1) "agriculture" includes,- (a) the raising of annual or periodical crops and garden produce, (b) horticulture, (c) the Planting and upkeep of orchards, (d) the reserving or using of land for fodder, or thatching grass, and (e) the use by an agriculturist of the land held by him or a part thereof for grazing of his own cattle; but does not include allied pursuits or the cutting of wood only; (2) "agricultural labourer" means a person whose principal means of livelihood is manual labour on land; (3) "agriculturist" means a person who cultivates land personally; (4) "allied pursuits" means dairy farming, poultry farming, breeding or livestock, grazing (other than the pasturage of ones own agricultural cattle) and such other pursuits as may be prescribed; (5) "appointed day" means the 20th day of August 1958; (6) "Collectors" includes an Additional Collector and an Assistant or Deputy Collector performing the duties and exercising the powers of a Collector under the Code 1[or any other officer specially empowered by the State Government to perform the functions of the Collector under this Act]; (7) "Code" means the 2Madhya Pradesh Land Revenue Code, 1954 (M. P. Act II of 1955); (8) "Commissioner" includes an Additional Commissioner; (9) "Co-operative Society" means a society registered under the provisions of the 3Co-operative Societies Act, 1912 (II of 1912); (10) "Co-operative farming society" means a society registered as such under the 4Co-operative Societies Act, 1912 (II of 1912); (11) "to cultivate" means to carry on any agricultural operation; (12) "to cultivate personally" means to cultivate on ones own account,- (i) by one's own labour, or (ii) by the labour of any member of ones family, or (iii) under the personal supervision of one-self or of any member of one's family by hired labour or by servants on wages payable in cash or kind but not in crop share; Explanation I.- A widow or a minor or a person who is subject to any physical or mental disability, or a serving member of the armed forces shall be deemed to cultivate the land personally if it is cultivated by her or his servants or by hired labourer; Explanation II.- In the case of a joint family the land shall be deemed to have been cultivated personally if it is cultivated by any member of such family; (13) "family holding" in relation to any local area constituted under section 3 means a family holding determined under section 4 in respect of lands situated in that local area; (14) "fragment" means a fragment as defined in sub-section (4) of section 2 of the Bombay Prevention of Fragmentation and Consolidation of Holdings Act, 1947 (Bom. LXII of 1947); (15) "improvement" means, with reference to a holding, any work which adds to the letting value of the holding which is suitable thereto and consistent with the purpose of which it is held and which, if not executed on the holding, is either executed directly for its benefit; or is after execution, made directly beneficial to it; and, subject to the foregoing provisions, includes,- (a) the construction of tanks, wells, water-channels, embankments and other works for storage, supply or distribution of water for agricultural purposes; (b) the construction of works for the drainage of land or for the protection of land from floods, or from erosion or other damage from water; (c) the planting of trees and the reclaiming, clearing, enclosing, levelling or terracing of land; (d) the erection of buildings on or in the vicinity of the holding, elsewhere than in the abadi or urban area, required for the convenient or profitable use or occupation of the holding; and (e) the renewal or reconstruction of any of the foregoing works, or alterations therein or additions thereto; but does not include,- (i) temporary wells and such water-channels, embankments, levellings enclosures or other works, or petty alterations in, or repairs to, such works, as are commonly made by cultivators of the locality in the ordinary course of agriculture; or (ii) any work which substantially diminishes the value of any land, wherever situated, in the occupation of any other person, whether as tenure-holder or tenant; Explanation.- A work which benefits several holdings may be deemed to be an improvement with respect to each of such holdings; (16) "joint family" means an undivided Hindu Family and in the case of other persons a group or unit the members of which by custom or usages are joint in estate or residence; (17) "land" means,- (a) land which is used or capable of being used for agricultural purposes and includes the sites of farm building appurtenant to such land; and (b) for the purposes of sections 16, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 32, 34, 36, 37, 55, 89, 91, 121, and 122,- (i) the sites of dwelling houses occupied by agriculturists, agricultural labourers or artisans and land appurtenant to such dwelling houses; (ii) the sites of structures used by agriculturists for allied pursuits; (18) "landholder" means a tenure-holder whom the State Government has declared on account of the extent and value of the land or his interest therein to be a landholder for the purposes of this Act; (19) "landless person" means a person who holding no land for agricultural purposes, whether as tenure-holder or tenant earns his livelihood principally by manual labour and intends to take to the profession of agriculture and is capable of cultivating land personally; (20) "occupancy tenant" means a person recognised to be an occupancy tenant under subsection (3) of section 6; (21) "person" includes joint family; (22) "physical or mental disability" means physical or mental disability by reason of which the person subject to such disability is incapable of cultivating land by personal labour or supervision; (23) "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act; (24) "profits of agriculture" in respect of any land means the balance remaining with the holder after deducting from the gross produce the cost of cultivation estimated by taking into account the following elements, namely:- (a) the depreciation of stock and buildings, (b) the money equivalent of the holder and his family labour and supervision, (c) all other expenses usually incurred in cultivation of the land, and (d) interest of the cost of buildings and stock and on expenditure for seed and manure, and on cost of agricultural operations paid for in cash; (25) "protected lessee" means a person recognised to be a protected lessee under sub-section (2) of section 6; (26) "rent" means any consideration, in money or kind or both, paid or payable by a tenant on account of the use or occupation of the land held by him but shall not include the rendering of any personal service or labour; (27) "Scheduled area" means an area declared to be a scheduled area under paragraph 6 of the Fifth Schedule to the Constitution of India; (28) "serving member of the armed forces" means a person in the service of the armed forces of the Union, provided that if a question arises whether any person is a serving member of the armed forces of the Union, such question shall be decided by the State Government, and its decision shall be final; (29) "small-holder" means an agriculturist cultivating land less in area than a family holding who earns his livelihood principally by agriculture or by agricultural labour; (30) "Tahsildar" includes a Naib-Tahsildar and any other officer whom the State Government may appoint to perform the duties of a Tahsildar under this Act: Provided that, the State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, direct that in the areas specified therein the powers of the Tahsildar under this Act shall be exercised by the Sub-Divisional Officer; (31) "tenancy" means the relationship of landlord and tenant; (32) "tenant" means a person who holds land on lease and includes,- (a) a person who is deemed to be a tenant under section 6, 7 or 8, (b) a person who is protected lessee or occupancy tenant, and the word "landlord" shall be construed accordingly; (33) "Tribunal" means the Agricultural Lands Tribunal constituted under section 97; (34) words and expressions used in this Act but not defined shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Code and the Transfer of Property Act, 1882 (IV of 1882), as the case may be.

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