• PARTIES TO NOTES, BILLS AND CHEQUES

  • 26
     Capacity to make, etc., promissory notes, etc
  • 27
     Agency
  • 28
     Liability of agent signing
  • 29
     Liability of legal representative signing
  • 30
     Liability of drawer
  • 31
     Liability of drawee of cheque
  • 32
     Liability of maker of note and acceptor of bill
  • 33
     Only drawee can be acceptor except in need or for honour
  • 34
     Acceptance by several drawees not partners
  • 35
     Liability of indorser
  • 36
     Liability of prior parties to holder in due course
  • 37
     Maker, drawer and acceptor principals
  • 38
     Prior party a principal in respect of each subsequent party
  • 39
     Suretyship
  • 40
     Discharge of indorser's liability
  • 41
     Acceptor bound, although, indorsement forged
  • 42
     Acceptance of bill drawn in fictitious name
  • 43
     Negotiable instrument made, etc., without consideration
  • 44
     Partial absence or failure of money-consideration
  • 45
     Partial failure of consideration not consisting of money
  • 45A
     Holder's right to duplicate of lost bill
  • OF NEGOTIATION

  • 46
     Delivery
  • 47
     Negotiation by delivery
  • 48
     Negotiation by indorsement
  • 49
     Conversion of indorsement in blank into indorsement in full
  • 50
     Effect of indorsement
  • 51
     Who may negotiate
  • 52
     Indorser who excludes his own liability or makes it conditional
  • 53
     Holder deriving title from holder in due course
  • 54
     Instrument indorsed in blank
  • 55
     Conversion of indorsement in blank into indorsement in full
  • 56
     Indorsement for part of sum due
  • 57
     Legal representative cannot by delivery only negotiate instrument indorsed by deceased
  • 58
     Instrument obtained by unlawful means or for unlawful consideration
  • 59
     Instrument acquired after dishonour or when overdue
  • 60
     Instrument negotiable till payment or satisfaction
  • OF PRESENTMENT

  • 61
     Presentment for acceptance
  • 62
     Presentment of promissory note for sight
  • 63
     Drawee's time for deliberation
  • 64
     Presentment for payment
  • 65
     Hours for presentment
  • 66
     Presentment for payment of instrument payable after date or sight
  • 67
     Presentment for payment of promissory note payable by instalments
  • 68
     Presentment for payment of instrument payable at specified place and not elsewhere
  • 69
     Instrument payable at specified place
  • 70
     Presentment where no exclusive place specified
  • 71
     Presentment when maker, etc., has no known place of business or residence
  • 72
     Presentment of cheque to charge drawer
  • 73
     Presentment of cheque to charge any other person
  • 74
     Presentment of instrument payable on demand
  • 75
     Presentment by or to agent, representative of deceased, or assignee of insolvent
  • 75A
     Excuse for delay in presentment for acceptance or payment
  • 76
     When presentment unnecessary
  • 77
     Liability of banker for negligently dealing with bill presented for payment
  • OF PAYMENT AND INTEREST

  • 78
     To whom payment should be made
  • 79
     Interest when rate specified
  • 80
     Interest when no rate specified
  • 81
     Delivery of instrument on payment or indemnity in case of loss
  • OF DISCHARGE FROM LIABILITY ON NOTES, BILLS AND CHEQUES

  • 82
     Discharge from liability
  • 83
     Discharge by allowing drawee more than forty-eight hours to accept
  • 84
     When cheque not duly presented and drawer damaged thereby
  • 85
     Cheque payable to order
  • 85A
     Drafts drawn by one branch of a bank on another payable to order
  • 86
     Parties not consenting discharged by qualified or limited acceptance
  • 87
     Effect of material alteration
  • 88
     Acceptor or indorser bound notwithstanding previous alteration
  • 89
     Payment of instrument on which alteration is not apparent
  • 90
     Extinguishment of rights of action on bill in acceptor's hands
  • OF NOTICE OF DISHONOUR

  • 91
     Dishonour by non-acceptance
  • 92
     Dishonour by non-payment
  • 93
     By and to whom notice should be given
  • 94
     Mode in which notice may be given
  • 95
     Party receiving must transmit notice of dishonour
  • 96
     Agent for presentment
  • 97
     When party to whom notice given is dead
  • 98
     When notice of dishonour is unnecessary
  • OF NOTING AND PROTEST

  • 99
     Noting
  • 100
     Protest
  • 101
     Contents of protest
  • 102
     Notice of protest
  • 103
     Protest for non-payment after dishonour by non-acceptance
  • 104
     Protest of foreign bills
  • 104A
     When noting equivalent to protest
  • OF REASONABLE TIME

  • 105
     Reasonable time
  • 106
     Reasonable time of giving notice of dishonour
  • 107
     Reasonable time for transmitting such notice
  • OF ACCEPTANCE AND PAYMENT FOR HONOUR AND REFERENCE IN CASE OF NEED

  • 108
     Acceptance for honour
  • 109
     How acceptance for honour must be made
  • 110
     Acceptance not specifying for whose honour it is made
  • 111
     Liability of acceptor for honour
  • 112
     When acceptor for honour may be charged
  • 113
     Payment for honour
  • 114
     Right of payer for honour
  • 115
     Drawee in case of need
  • 116
     Acceptance and payment without protest
  • OF COMPENSATION

  • 117
     Rules as to compensation
  • SPECIAL RULES OF EVIDENCE

  • 118
     Presumptions as to negotiable instruments
  • 119
     Presumption on proof of protest
  • 120
     Estoppel against denying original validity of instrument
  • 121
     Estoppel against denying capacity of payee to indorse
  • 122
     Estoppel against denying signature or capacity of prior party
  • OF CROSSED CHEQUE

  • 123
     Cheque crossed generally
  • 124
     Cheque crossed specially
  • 125
     Crossing after issue
  • 126
     Payment of cheque crossed generally
  • 127
     Payment of cheque crossed specially more than once
  • 128
     Payment in due course of crossed cheque
  • 129
     Payment of crossed cheque out of due course
  • 130
     Cheque bearing ''not negotiable''
  • 131
     Non-liability of banker receiving payment of cheque
  • 131A
     Application of Chapter to drafts
  • OF BILLS IN SETS

  • 132
     Set of bills
  • 133
     Holder of first acquired part entitled to
  • OF INTERNATIONAL LAW

  • 134
     Law governing liability of maker, acceptor or indorser of foreign instrument
  • 135
     Law of place of payment governs dishonour
  • 136
     Instrument made, etc., out of India, but in accordance with the law of India
  • 137
     Presumption as to foreign law
  • OF PENALTIES IN CASE OF DISHONOUR OF CERTAIN CHEQUES FOR INSUFFICIENCY OF FUNDS IN THE ACCOUNTS

  • 138
     Dishonour of cheque for insufficiency, etc., of funds in the account
  • 139
     Presumption in favour of holder
  • 140
     Defence which may not be allowed in any prosecution under section 138
  • 141
     Offences by companies
  • 142
     Cognizance of offences
  • 142A
     Validation for transfer of pending cases
  • 143
     Power of Court to try cases summarily
  • 143A
     Power to direct interim compensation
  • 144
     Mode of service of summons
  • 145
     Evidence on affidavit
  • 146
     Bank's slip prima facie evidence of certain facts
  • 147
     Offences to be compoundable
  • 148
     Power of Appellate Court to order payment pending appeal against conviction